Significant Findings©
Fig 8A Nearly edge-on view of Sombrero Galaxy, Reference: chandra.havard.edu
The Sombrero Galaxy is believed to have a super-massive black hole residing at its nucleus. The black hole is estimated to have a colossal mass on the order of 109 solar masses. IMPORTANT: In order to us to be able to visualize the circular features of the outer rim of the Sombrero galaxy, the light coming from the far edge of this disc MUST pass over the super massive nucleus of this galaxy in order to arrive at our Earth based observatories.
Fig 8B Sombrero's Bulge-Stars plugged into a Gaussian Sphere: A Light Bending Analysis
Let us include the enormous mass of the stars enclosed within an analytics Gaussian sphere that is concentric with the Sombrero nucleus with a radius such that it just barely touches the light rays coming from the far edges of the galaxy. This should suffice for a good estimate and we will barely need any calculations. If we plugged only one solar mass plugged into a Gaussian sphere of one solar radius, this would return a value of 8.48273 x 10-6 radians or 1.75 arcsec. The Sombrero galaxy has a diameter of 50,000 light years and is tilted only 6 degrees, about 5000 light years from top to bottom edges of the galactic disc. So the light coming from the far edges must pass over the super massive bulge of Sombrero's nucleus, passing to within 2500 light years of the galactic nucleus. So our Gaussian sphere containing all those stars will have a radius of 2500 light years. Since the sun's radius is only 696,000 km or 2.32 light-seconds or just 7.3567 x 10-8 light-years, our Gaussian sphere would have a radius of roughly 3.4 x 1010 solar radii. Now, Sombrero's super-massive black hole alone is estimated to have roughly 109 solar masses. If the galactic bulge of Sombrero were estimated to contain 100 billions of stars, then our Gaussian sphere containing the galactic bulge of Sombrero must enclose at least 100 x 109 solar masses alone. Thus, the mass of the stars enclosed in the Gaussian sphere containing the total mass of Sombrero's bulge would contribute a gravitational light bending effect many orders of magnitude greater than that of the sun.
Fig 9 Undistorted time resolved images of stellar objects orbiting about Sagittarius A*
recorded processed images collected from 1992 to 2006
by
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik
For details: http://www.mpe.mpg.de
An Astrophysical Experiment that Relativity apparently Fails
under intense observations since 1992
The mathematical proof with illustrations of the emission theory that predicts these effects are published in a book which pertains to an emission theory; a principle of Mathematical Physics coined as the Extinction Shift Principle. The book,
Discourses & Mathematical Illustrations pertaining to the Extinction Shift Principle
under the Electrodynamics of Galilean Transformations
contains the complete set of problems responsible for the success and fame of Relativity, worked out in Euclidean Space solely under Galilean Transformations of velocities. The principle correctly predicts the experimental outcome of important experiments of the past century. Astrophysical phenomena such as the planet Mercury and the PSR1913+16 neutron pulsar system perihelion rotation effects are calculated using pure classical procedures in Euclidean space. The Extinction Shift Principle predicts
there can be NO direct interaction between
Gravitation and Electromagnetism
Details: http://www.extinctionshift.com/details.htm
for details click on book
